Impact of Habitat Degradation on Migratory and Resident Bird Species in Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan, India (Research Article)

Author(s): Bharti Chaudhary and Priyanka Sharma

Abstract: Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan, India, is a globally important wetland ecosystem supporting diverse migratory and resident bird species. Recognized as a Ramsar Wetland and UNESCO World Heritage Site, the park serves as an important wintering and stopover habitat along the Central Asian Flyway. However, increasing habitat degradation caused by hydrological changes, invasive vegetation, agricultural pressure, tourism disturbance, and climate variability threatens its ecological stability. This study examines the impacts of habitat degradation on migratory and resident bird species by assessing changes in avian diversity, habitat use, and ecological responses. A mixed ecological approach integrating field observations and secondary data analysis was used to evaluate the influence of wetland degradation on bird communities. The study highlights that migratory birds are more sensitive to habitat alterations due to their dependence on seasonal wetland conditions, whereas resident species show greater adaptability but remain affected by long-term habitat changes. The findings emphasize the need for integrated conservation strategies involving hydrological restoration, invasive species management, biodiversity monitoring, and sustainable tourism practices to maintain the ecological integrity of Keoladeo National Park.

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