Guillain-Barré Syndrome as a Neurological Disorder and Its Association with Post COVID-19 Vaccination: A Review

Author(s): Aditya Singh, Saief Ansari, Neha Sharma, Arushi Purva, Harshit Gautam, and Sandeep Singh

Abstract: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare autoimmune neurological disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. It is commonly triggered by infections and has also been reported rarely after vaccination. During the COVID-19 pandemic, cases of GBS following COVID-19 vaccination were reported, raising safety concerns. This review summarizes recent literature (2016–2025) on the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of GBS, with special importance on post-COVID-19 vaccination cases. Evidence suggests a temporal association, particularly with adenovirus-based vaccines; however, the overall incidence remains very low. Early diagnosis and rapid treatment result in favourable outcomes. The benefits of COVID-19 vaccination overshadow the rare risk of neurological complications.

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