Principal and Practices of Drugs Prescribing in Pregnancy and Its Clinical Pharmacokinetics (Research Article)

Author(s): N. Kodanda Ram, P. Keerthi, P. Jayasree, Ch. Ajay, M. Somesekhr and T. Srikanth

Abstract: Drug absorption during pregnancy may be altered by delayed emptying and vomiting. An increased gastric pH may affect absorption of acids and bases. There is now a greater appreciation of the risks of drug use in pregnancy approximately 2-3 of all live births are associated with a congenial anomaly. Physiologic changes in pregnancy induced profound alterations. During pregnancy is approximately 280 days the placenta is the organ of exchange between mother and foetus for drugs. The use of both prescription and over the counter drugs in pregnancy present a number of challenges it has been estimated that over 80% of expectant mothers take three or four drugs at some stage of pregnancy the first two weeks post conception are regarded as the pre-embryonic stage and describe the period up to impartation of the fertilised. Physiologic changes in pregnancy induce profound alterations to the pharmacokinetics properties of many medications. The changes affect distribution, absorption, metabolism, and excretion of drugs and thus may impact their pharmacodynamic properties during pregnancy. Pregnant women undergo several adaptations in many systems. Some adaptations are secondary to hormonal changes in pregnancy, while other. Occur to support the gravid women and her developing foetus, some of the changes in maternal physiology during pregnancy include, for example: - increased maternal fat and total body water, decreased plasma protein concentration, especially albumin, increased maternal blood volume, cardiac output and blood flow to the kidneys and uteroplacental unit, and decreased blood pressure.

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