Risk Factors Associated with Intravenous Bisphosphonate Induced Osteonecrosis of Jaw in Cancer Patients – A Systematic Review (Review Article)

Author(s): Koushika Mohan, Sindhu R, Dinesh Dhamodhar, Sathiyapriya S, Prabu D*, Rajmohan M and Bharathwaj V V

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Osteonecrosis of jaw is a pathological condition of maxilla and mandible which is prevalent in society for many years. In past few years, there was recurrence of this condition in those who were not treated with radiation. A connection was found between osteonecrosis of jaw and bisphosphonates. AIM: To find out the risk factors that are mainly related to osteonecrosis of jaws that is caused by intravenous bisphosphonates in cancer patients. METHODS: A literature search was done using PubMed, ResearchGate, Lilacs, Cochrane, Science direct using the terms – Osteonecrosis of jaws, Intravenous bisphosphonate therapy, Cancer. 190 articles were screened from which 14 were full text articles that were assessed for eligibility and 7 articles were considered for qualitative analysis. RESULTS: The risk factors that are related to bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of jaws are age, poor oral hygiene, ill-fitting dentures, obesity, smoking, dental extraction. CONCLUSION: Bisphosphonates related osteonecrosis of jaws can be prevented by following appropriate oral hygiene.

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