Effect of Different Agricultural Waste Substrates on the Biological Efficiency and Therapeutic Value of Calocybe indica (P and C)

Author(s): S. Datta*, G. Banerjee and A.K. Mitra

Abstract: Purpose: Agro-wastes generated from agricultural industry needs to be recycled from ecosystem by an eco-friendly way. One of the most sustainable method is cultivation of mushroom which follows all the principles of solid waste management. Methods: The effect of five different agricultural waste substrates on cultivation of Calocybe indica (milky mushroom) were investigated. Morphological characters, total yield and biological efficiency were evaluated. Total protein, carbohydrate, phenolic compounds and total β -glucan content was estimated as known to be functional constituents of mushroom. Total genomic DNA expression were studied by gel analsyis. Fruit bodies were screened for enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants by spectro-photometric method, antimicrobial activity by agar disc diffusion method. Results: Maximum yield and biological efficiency were obtained for paddy straw (PS) + sugarcane bagasse (SB, 1:1) followed by paddy straw (PS) + cotton waste (CW, 1:1) combination with garden soil (GS): vermicompost (VC): sand (1:1:0.5) casing. Substrate degrading enzymes were significantly variable with substrate composition. DPPH radical scavenging activity was significantly present in methanolic crude extract (MCE) of PS+SB fruit-bodies (IC50 = 3.57±0.75 mg/ml). The maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) was obtained for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 10 mg/ ml of methanolic extract of selected fruiting bodies of C.indica against pathogenic bacteria. Conclusion: Proper utilization of ligno-cellulosic waste products as substrates will upgrade the production and therapeutic value of milky mushroom which will generate a high impact on our society and environment.

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