Role of Genetics in Obesity

Author(s): Sameer Quazi*

Abstract: Obesity is a worldwide pandemic as well as a remarkably significant health-related issue. Excessive weight gain is a normal yet complex, multifactorial problem with high heritability, where as much as 80% of the difference in the Body Mass Index (BMI) is attributable to hereditary elements. Literary works on the additional variables of the present obesity epidemic, and hereditary basis of human weight gain, were examined in compilation of this report. The current prevalence of obesity is fairly recent worldwide event driven by our modern way of life as well as nutritional routines. Usual Obesity is the outcome of interaction between various hereditary variants and ecological aspects. The function of obesity genes in this present epidemic is passive, yet its effect is extremely substantial, due to the fact that people with these genes might be predisposed to serious or perhaps morbid obesity when exposed to the modern "obesogenic" environment. The human weight regulation mechanism evolved and became effective in preventing weight loss, however is reasonably inefficient in preventing excess weight gain. The modern-day obesogenic environment urges a less active way of living and offers easy accessibility to processed foods, which leads to reduced energy expenditure and increased calorie consumption. We have unintentionally created a biological and environmental imbalance, as the human weight regulation is unable to evolve fast enough to keep up with the environmental changes. This has led to maladaptation of an otherwise sound and metabolically reliable physiological mechanism, with severe metabolic repercussions.

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