SCREENING FOR BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF LEAVES AND ROOT SAMPLES OF Plantago asiatica

Author(s): U Chaitanya Acharya*, Rahul Oinam and Mahesh M

Abstract: Phytochemical constituents of medicinal plants are used as traditional medicine to cure various diseases. Plantago asiatica from Plantaginaceae family is considered as orthodox medicinal herb throughout the years and used in the treatment of diseases includes, wounds bronchitis, chronic constipation; diarrhea. The aim of the present study is to investigate the phytochemicals, antioxidant activity, antidiabetic, and quantitative estimations of phytochemicals by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Leaves and root samples of plant were dried, powdered and used for phytochemical extraction with successive solvents such as Petroleum Ether, Acetone, Ethyl Acetate, Methanol and Cold extract using Soxhlet apparatus. Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Flavonoids, Phenols, tannins, terpenoids, saponins were detected both in leaves and root extracts of different solvents. Acetone extract of plant leaves, showed high free radical scavenging activity as evidenced by the low IC50 values in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) assay (9.95μg/ml), 2,21-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assay (51.55μg/ml),Reducing power (FRAP)(3.23mg/ml), Superoxide Dismutase(SOD) (2.39mg/ml) and cold extract showed Nitric oxide(NO) (10.5μg/ml),scavenging assays. The HPLC analysis of methanol extract of plant leaves showed phenols (51mg/g), flavonoids (163.4mg/g), ethyl acetate of plant root showed Tannins (35.41mg).The antidiabetic activity of α-amylase was observed in petroleum ether extract of leaves with IC50 of 236.47μg/ml. Our findings provided evidence that the extracts of plant contain medicinally bioactive compounds and it justifies their medicinal uses.

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